{"id":12048,"date":"2017-01-11T16:43:51","date_gmt":"2017-01-11T20:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/?p=12048"},"modified":"2017-01-17T10:48:54","modified_gmt":"2017-01-17T14:48:54","slug":"des-pratiques-forestieres-respectueuses-des-oiseaux-et-des-animaux-sauvages-une-necessite-fondee-sur-la-recherche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/des-pratiques-forestieres-respectueuses-des-oiseaux-et-des-animaux-sauvages-une-necessite-fondee-sur-la-recherche\/","title":{"rendered":"Des pratiques foresti\u00e8res respectueuses des oiseaux et des animaux sauvages : une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 fond\u00e9e sur la recherche"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-12010\" src=\"http:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Threetoed-wdpk.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" \/>Selon Marc-Andr\u00e9 Villard, biologiste sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en \u00e9cologie foresti\u00e8re de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Rimouski,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/new-brunswick\/nb-forestry-management-1.3902378\"> les pratiques foresti\u00e8res du Nouveau?Brunswick portent pr\u00e9judice aux populations d&rsquo;oiseaux.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>En d\u00e9cembre, M. Villard a indiqu\u00e9 sur <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/listen\/shows\/shift-nb\/segment\/11156313\">CBC\u2019s Shift<\/a> que les coupes \u00e0 blanc et la conversion des for\u00eats mixtes en zones de culture nuisaient \u00e0 l&rsquo;habitat et \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 de se d\u00e9placer dans la nature des oiseaux. Il a \u00e9galement discut\u00e9 des travaux de recherche r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans son laboratoire concernant les cons\u00e9quences des changements du paysage forestier, plus particuli\u00e8rement sur la paruline couronn\u00e9e et diff\u00e9rentes esp\u00e8ces de pics.<\/p>\n<p>La paruline couronn\u00e9e, un oiseau chanteur qui construit son nid sur le sol forestier et se nourrit d&rsquo;invert\u00e9br\u00e9s, se d\u00e9place plus fr\u00e9quemment dans les for\u00eats mixtes que dans les zones de culture, car le sol des plantations abrite moins d&rsquo;invert\u00e9br\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Le pic (pic chevelu, pic mineur, grand pic, pic flamboyant, pic \u00e0 dos ray\u00e9 et pic macul\u00e9, pour ne nommer que quelques?unes des esp\u00e8ces qui peuplent les for\u00eats du Nouveau?Brunswick) est un autre oiseau forestier touch\u00e9 par les pratiques foresti\u00e8res qui entra\u00eenent une modification du paysage et une r\u00e9duction des arbres morts ou des arbres anciens. Or, la diminution de ces arbres porte pr\u00e9judice non seulement aux pics, qui se nourrissent d&rsquo;insectes et d&rsquo;araign\u00e9es, mais aussi aux autres oiseaux qui se servent des cavit\u00e9s pour y faire leur nid.<\/p>\n<p>Pendant 15 ans, M. Villard a fait partie du comit\u00e9 consultatif sur la recherche foresti\u00e8re de J.D. Irving Ltd. et <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/new-brunswick\/j-d-irving-scientific-adviser-blindsided-by-new-forest-policy-1.2578781\">s\u2019est publiquement prononc\u00e9 en d\u00e9faveur de la strat\u00e9gie foresti\u00e8re du gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick de 2014<\/a>, car les scientifiques n&rsquo;avaient pas \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9alablement consult\u00e9s. Cette politique a, du reste, provoqu\u00e9 une diminution du taux de conservation des terres de la Couronne, qui est pass\u00e9 de 28 % (niveau de 2012) \u00e0 23 %.<\/p>\n<p>Matt Betts, un autre \u00e9cologiste forestier qui\u00a0 a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction de rapports pour le Conseil de conservation, dont <em>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/publications\/\">Working with the Woods: Restoring Forests and Community in New Brunswick\u201d<\/a><\/em> (Restaurer les for\u00eats et les collectivit\u00e9s du Nouveau?Brunswick en collaboration avec les for\u00eats) et est maintenant professeur adjoint au d\u00e9partement des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes forestiers et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;Oregon, a estim\u00e9 que <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/new-brunswick\/forest-scientist-terms-new-crown-policy-radical-experimental-1.2576830\">la strat\u00e9gie foresti\u00e8re de 2014 constituait un changement radical et une exp\u00e9rience susceptible<\/a> de donner lieu \u00e0 l&rsquo;extinction de certaines esp\u00e8ces d\u2019oiseaux locales et d\u2019autres animaux sauvages de la province.<\/p>\n<p>Dans son rapport de 2015, dans lequel elle recommande des am\u00e9liorations des normes d\u2019am\u00e9nagement forestier, pour autant qu\u2019elles soient scientifiquement fond\u00e9es, la v\u00e9rificatrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Nouveau?Brunswick, M<sup>me<\/sup> Kim MacPherson a cit\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence les nombreuses \u00e9tudes et recommandations qui demandaient la r\u00e9duction des coupes \u00e0 blanc sur les terres de la Couronne.<\/p>\n<p>Alors que les N\u00e9o-brunswickois attendent les conclusions de la promesse du\u00a0 gouvernement Gallant de r\u00e9viser et, \u00e9ventuellement, de modifier le plan forestier de 2014, le Conseil de conservation exprime son accord avec la position de M.\u00a0Villard, selon laquelle il n&rsquo;est pas trop tard pour assurer la pr\u00e9servation de la biodiversit\u00e9 foresti\u00e8re, dont celle des oiseaux chanteurs, des pics et des hiboux, et, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de ce dernier, esp\u00e8re qu\u2019\u00e0 partir de maintenant, le gouvernement accordera la priorit\u00e9 au public et aux scientifiques en prenant des d\u00e9cisions li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9nagement forestier. La<a href=\"http:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/6986\/\"><br \/>\n<em>Loi sur les terres et for\u00eats de la Couronne<\/em><\/a> a besoin d&rsquo;\u00eatre mise \u00e0 jour de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 ce que le public ait son mot \u00e0 dire sur la protection des oiseaux et de la diversit\u00e9 des formes de vie qui peuplent nos for\u00eats.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selon Marc-Andr\u00e9 Villard, biologiste sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en \u00e9cologie foresti\u00e8re de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Rimouski, les pratiques foresti\u00e8res du Nouveau?Brunswick portent pr\u00e9judice aux populations d&rsquo;oiseaux. En d\u00e9cembre, M. Villard a indiqu\u00e9 sur CBC\u2019s Shift que les coupes \u00e0 blanc et la conversion des for\u00eats mixtes en zones de culture nuisaient \u00e0 l&rsquo;habitat et \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12044,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[170],"tags":[668,667,666,665],"class_list":["post-12048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-ccnb-fr","tag-forestier","tag-la-strategie-forestiere-du-gouvernement-du-nouveau-brunswick","tag-loi-sur-les-terres-et-forets-de-la-couronne","tag-oiseaux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12048"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12048\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}