En 1995, l’\u00c9tat du Maine a pris la d\u00e9cision unilat\u00e9rale de fermer la rivi\u00e8re Sainte-Croix \u2013 formant la fronti\u00e8re entre le Nouveau-Brunswick et le Maine \u2013 \u00e0 une des plus importantes populations de gaspareau (pseudohareng) de la c\u00f4te Est. Le Maine a pris cette d\u00e9cision suite aux plaintes non fond\u00e9es et, depuis refut\u00e9es, des guides de p\u00eache sportive et commerciale pr\u00e9tendant que le gaspareau nuit \u00e0 l’achigan \u00e0 petite bouche. La population de gaspareaux a chut\u00e9 de 2.5 millions en 1987 \u00e0 900 en 2002, \u00e9branlant l’\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me d’eau douce de Sainte-Croix et l’\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me marin de la\u00a0baie de Passamaquoddy.<\/p>\n
Dans l’histoire r\u00e9cente, la rivi\u00e8re Sainte-Croix a port\u00e9 de large populations de gaspareaux en bonne sant\u00e9. En 1851, Moses Perley remarqua que, dans les ann\u00e9es 1820, \u201cla gaspareau est arriv\u00e9 en si grandes quantit\u00e9s qu’il n’\u00e9tait jamais suppos\u00e9 disparaitre\u201d. En r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 ce qu’il a reconnu comme \u00e9tant des menaces pour la sant\u00e9 du bassin versant de Sainte-Croix, Perley fit remarquer \u201cqu’il serait hautement discr\u00e9ditant de permettre la fermeture des p\u00eacheries de cette rivi\u00e8re, \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent menac\u00e9es de disparition totale\u201d (The Sea and River Fisheries of New Brunswick, Moses H. Perely, Queen\u2019s Printer, Fredericton, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislature et imprim\u00e9 en 1851).<\/p>\n
Le gaspareau est une esp\u00e8ce importante dans la rivi\u00e8re Sainte-Croix et la baie de Passamaquoddy. Elle constitue une importante source de nourriture pour les poissons de fond, comme la morue, pour\u00a0les oiseaux pr\u00e9dateurs, comme l’aigle et le balbuzard, ainsi que pour d’autres poissons et mammif\u00e8res. Le gaspareau fournit aussi des nutriments au syst\u00e8me fluvial via ses mati\u00e8res excr\u00e9t\u00e9es, ses oeufs et carcasses.<\/p>\n
La Commission mixte internationale (CMI) a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie en 1909 dans le cadre du Trait\u00e9 des eaux limitrophes afin de r\u00e9soudre le conflit entre le Canada et les \u00c9tats-Unis concernant les eaux frontali\u00e8res communes, et a \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9e dans le conflit concernant le passage du gaspareau. Bien qu’elle ait encourag\u00e9 l’\u00c9tat du Maine \u00e0 ouvrir les passes \u00e0 poissons au gaspareau, la commission n’a pas utilis\u00e9 leinement ses pouvoirs pour ordonner l’ouverture des passes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
En 1995, l’\u00c9tat du Maine a pris la d\u00e9cision unilat\u00e9rale de fermer la rivi\u00e8re Sainte-Croix \u2013 formant la fronti\u00e8re entre le Nouveau-Brunswick et le Maine \u2013 \u00e0 une des plus importantes populations de gaspareau (pseudohareng) de la c\u00f4te Est. Le Maine a pris cette d\u00e9cision suite aux plaintes non fond\u00e9es et, depuis refut\u00e9es, des guides […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":2240,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2244","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2244\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.conservationcouncil.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}